Models for Integer Data

Over the past few years, interest has increased in models defined on positive and negative integers. Several application areas lead to data that are differences between Some important examples price changes measured discretely financial applications, pre- posttreatment measurements of discrete outcomes clinical trials, difference number goals sports events, differencing count-valued time series. This review aims at bringing together a wide range have appeared literature recent decades. We provide an extensive distributions for integer then consider univariate multivariate time-series models, including class autoregressive stochastic processes, ARCH-GARCH– (autoregressive conditionally heteroskedastic–generalized heteroskedastic–) type models.